Set 9 | Important Environment and Sustainable Development MCQs
Important Environment and Sustainable Development MCQs. Environment and Sustainable Development are pivotal aspects of Environment and Ecology, serving as a cornerstone for success in competitive exams like Civil Services, State exams, SSC, Railways, Banking, and more. Mastering these subjects offers a unique advantage, allowing you to gain invaluable insights into the country’s environmental legacy. With a focus on Environment, Biodiversity, and Ecology, this knowledge not only sharpens your competitive edge but also equips you to excel in these challenging exams.
MCQs on Environment and Sustainable Development – Objective Questions and Answers
Q81.As a result of their annual survey, the National Geographic Society and an international polling firm Globe Scan gave India top rank in Greendex 2009 score. What is this score? (I.A.S. (Pre) 2010)
[A] It is a measure of efforts made by different countries in adopting technologies for reducing the carbon footprint
[B] It is a measure of environmentally sustainable consumer behavior in different countries
[C] It is an assessment of programs/schemes undertaken by different countries for improving the conservation of natural resources
[D] It is an index showing the volume of carbon credits sold by different countries
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
National Geographic conducted its inaugural Greendex survey in January 2008. This first survey, covering 14 countries, ranked the average consumers in those countries based on the environmental sustainability of their behavior.
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer. In 2009, India ranked first, and in 2014, India retained its top position in the survey.
Q82.Which one of the following is the best strategy for environment-friendly sustainable development in Indian agriculture? (I.A.S. (Pre) 1993)
[A] Expansion of cultivable land, increased use of superphosphate, urea and effective biocides
[B] Wider popularization of high-yielding crop varieties, better aid, more frequent irrigation and increased frequency of aerial span of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides
[D] Improved farm implements and machinery, use of potent insecticides to minimize post-harvest grain losses and monoculture cropping practices
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
Mixed cropping, organic manures, nitrogen-fixing plants, and pest-resistant crop varieties represent the best strategies for environment-friendly and sustainable development in Indian agriculture.
These practices promote soil health, reduce the reliance on chemical inputs, and enhance crop resilience, making them essential for sustainable farming in India.
Q83. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017)
Assertion (A) : India is a case of an over-urbanizedcountry.
Reason (R) : Most of the large cities in India do nothave adequate infrastructure.
Codes:
[A] Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains (A).
[B] Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) does not explain (A).
[C] (A) is true but (R) is false.
[D] (A) is false but (R) is true.
View Explanation
Correct Answer is D.
According to the 2011 Census, approximately 121 crore people (68.9%) still reside in rural areas, while 37.7 crore people (31.1%) live in urban areas.
Although the rate of urbanization in India is high, the process faces challenges in providing basic infrastructural amenities such as drinking water, transportation, sanitation, and electricity.
Q84. The investigator of Natural Farming was- (Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002)
[A] Masanobu Fukuoka
[B] M.S. Randhawa
[C] M.S. Swaminathan
[D] Norman Borlaug
View Explanation
Correct Answer is A.
Masanobu Fukuoka was a Japanese farmer and philosopher, renowned for his pioneering work in natural farming and the revegetation of desertified lands.
His approach emphasized working with nature rather than against it, promoting sustainable agriculture through minimal intervention and the use of natural processes.
Q85. Which country introduced the Green Army for Environment conservation? (M.P.C.S.(Pre) 2014)
[A] Japan
[B] China
[C] Australia
[D] Egypt
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
The Green Army was a six-month program in Australia aimed at training and engaging 17-24-year-olds to work on environmental projects.
These projects included restoring native vegetation, heritage restoration, protecting animal habitats, and regenerating wetlands in urban, rural, and remote areas. However, the Green Army Programme officially closed on 30 June 2018.
Q86. During the mid 80’s decade of twentieth century, the negative aspects of development were discussed at large. Which one among the following was NOT such important? (U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2020)
[A] Degradation of natural resources
[B] Environment pollution
[C] Politics and Development
[D] Displacement and Rehabilitation of masses
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
During the mid-1980s, the negative aspects of development, such as the degradation of natural resources, environmental pollution, and the displacement and rehabilitation of masses, were widely discussed.
However, the relationship between politics and development was not as prominently emphasized during that time.
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