Set 7 | Important Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change MCQs

Correct Answer is D.

• The BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes (ISFL), managed by the World Bank, is supported by donor governments to address greenhouse gas emissions from the land sector, including agriculture and deforestation.
• The total pledged contribution to the ISFL is approximately $351 million.
• Key donors include Norway, the UK, and the USA, with funding aimed at promoting sustainable land-use practices and policies in countries like Colombia, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Mexico, and Zambia. The initiative uses grant-based technical assistance and results-based payments to achieve its objectives​

Correct Answer is B.

• The Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) is a global voluntary partnership focused on reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) like methane, black carbon, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
• It now comprises 81 member countries, alongside several intergovernmental organizations, businesses, and civil society partners. The coalition emphasizes awareness, mitigation strategies, and national and regional operational improvements to reduce SLCP emissions.
• The CCAC aims to address the critical role SLCP reduction plays in complementing global carbon dioxide mitigation efforts, significantly contributing to climate protection and air quality improvement.
• Under its updated 2030 strategy, the CCAC seeks to achieve substantial reductions, including at least a 40% reduction in methane emissions by 2030 compared to 2010 levels​.

Correct Answer is C.

• The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) is a World Bank program which was established in 2008 and consists of a Readiness Fund and a Carbon Fund.
• The FCPF was created to assist developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, enhance and conserve forest carbon stocks and sustainably manage forests (REDD+) by providing value to standing forests. So, statement 2 is false as it does not provide funds to universities, individuals or institutes.

Correct Answer is B.

• According to a report of “Assessing Key Vulnerabilities and the Risk from Climate Change” published by International Panel on Climate Change, if the increase in global temperature exceeds 2 ⁰C above pre-industrial level then Coral mortality will occur around the globe.
• It will also result in the transformation of 1/6th of the earth’s ecosystem and lead to the extinction of 1/4th known species of the earth. If the earth’s temperature increases more than 3⁰C above the pre-industrial level, the terrestrial biosphere will head towards a net carbon source and 1/5th of the ecosystem will get transformed. This will lead to the extinction of 30% of the earth’s known species

Correct Answer is C.

• The average increase in earth’s temperature during the last century was 0.8⁰C.
• According to the latest data, the average global temperature has increased by approximately 1.3°C compared to pre-industrial levels (1850–1900 baseline). This warming is contributing to significant climate events, including extreme weather patterns, rising sea levels, and glacier loss.

Correct Answer is B.

• Without green house effect, the average temperature of earth surface would be –18°C. The main green house gasses are Methane, Carbon dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Water vapor and Ozone.

Correct Answer is B.

• Human activities in the recent past have caused the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere but a lot of it does not remain in the lower atmosphere because of the photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the oceans and plants on the land, in which carbon dioxide is absorbed.

Correct Answer is A.

• If phytoplankton of an ocean is completely destroyed for some reason then the ocean as a carbon sink would be adversely affected. Phytoplankton, also known as microalgae, are similar to terrestrial plants in that they contain chlorophyll and require sunlight to live and grow.
• Hence food chains in the ocean would be adversely affected and if it is completely destroyed then the density of ocean water would not decrease drastically.

Correct Answer is D.

• Astronomical theory of climate change was propounded in 1920 by astronomer Milutin Milankovic. It states that the variation in eccentricity, axial tilt and precession of the Earth’s orbit determines climatic patterns on Earth through orbital forcing. Hence, solar irradiance is not concerned with this theory.

Correct Answer is B.

• According to the astronomical theory of climate change, Earth’s movement produces an effect on climate change. In 1920, Serbian geophysicist and astronomer Milutin Milankovic theorized that variation in eccentricity, axial tilt and precession of the earth’s orbit results in cyclical variation in the solar radiation reaching the earth. This orbital forcing influences climatic pattern on earth.