Set 3 | Important Non Conventional Energy MCQs

Correct Answer is A.

• The first summit of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) was held in New Delhi, India, on March 11, 2018.
• The summit aimed to bring together solar-rich countries to promote the use of solar energy and increase international cooperation.
• The ISA is an initiative launched by India and France at the COP21 climate conference in Paris in 2015.
• The summit focused on initiatives to mobilize financing for solar energy projects, enhance technology cooperation, and increase energy access.

Correct Answer is C.

• The Secretariat of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) is located in Gurugram, India.
• The ISA’s headquarters was established to promote solar energy and facilitate cooperation among solar-rich countries globally.
• Gurugram, a city near the Indian capital, New Delhi, was chosen to host the Secretariat due to its strategic location and accessibility.
• The ISA was founded with the aim of increasing solar energy adoption, funding solar projects, and fostering collaboration among member countries.

Correct Answer is A.

• Incinerators are devices used to burn solid waste materials at high temperatures.
• The process of burning helps reduce the volume of waste and can also generate energy in some cases.
• Incineration is commonly used for hazardous waste, medical waste, municipal solid waste, and other non-recyclable materials.
• The process helps in waste disposal, but it also requires proper environmental controls to minimize harmful emissions.

Correct Answer is D.

• Surat became the first district in India to have 100% solar-powered health centers.
• This achievement is part of Surat’s initiative to adopt renewable energy and promote sustainability.
• All municipal health centers in Surat have been powered by solar energy, contributing to both energy efficiency and environmental conservation.
• The move aligns with India’s broader goal to increase the use of renewable energy sources and reduce carbon emissions.
• Surat’s transition to solar-powered health centers is also part of efforts to ensure reliable power supply and lower operational costs for public services.

Correct Answer is B.

• Diu, a Union Territory of India, became the first region to run entirely on solar energy.
• In 2018, Diu achieved the milestone of being the first solar-powered Union Territory in India, ensuring that its energy needs were met entirely by renewable sources.
• The solar power generation capacity of Diu was boosted through the installation of rooftop solar panels on government buildings, residential areas, and commercial establishments.
• The initiative was part of the government’s effort to transition towards clean energy and reduce dependency on conventional fossil fuels.
• Diu’s success was a result of innovative projects such as the installation of solar plants and the development of energy-efficient systems.
• This move not only helped in reducing the carbon footprint but also made Diu an example of sustainability in India.

Correct Answer is C.

• Diu became the first Union Territory in India to run 100% on solar energy in 2018.
• The initiative was part of the Government of India’s efforts to promote renewable energy and sustainability across the nation.
• Diu’s transition to solar energy included a combination of rooftop solar panels, solar plants, and solar-powered street lights installed across the region.
• The total installed capacity of solar power in Diu reached approximately 13 MW, which was enough to meet the energy demands of the region.
• Diu achieved 100% solar energy generation for all its electricity needs, significantly reducing its reliance on fossil fuels.
• The move was also aimed at reducing the region’s carbon footprint and improving the overall energy efficiency, making Diu a model for other states and Union Territories in India.
• Diu’s solar-powered energy model was seen as an important step towards achieving India’s ambitious renewable energy goals and reducing environmental impacts.

Correct Answer is A.

• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) serves as a collaborative platform for sun-rich countries, located entirely or partially between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, that are committed to dramatically increasing their solar energy capacity.
• By doing so, they aim to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions while providing affordable, clean energy. Launched at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris at the close of 2015, the initiative was spearheaded by the President of France and the Prime Minister of India.
• The ISA’s secretariat is located in Gurugram, Haryana, India. As per the ISA’s declaration, its members have set an ambitious target to raise USD 1 trillion for solar energy by 2030.
• Consequently, Statement 1 is correct. The alliance comprises about 102 countries that support a unified declaration, so Statement 2 is not correct.

Correct Answer is A.

• Biomass gasification refers to the incomplete combustion of biomass, which produces combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and small amounts of methane.
• Hence, statement (2) is not correct. The gas produced during this process is known as producer gas, which is a fuel in itself and can be used to power internal combustion engines.
• Therefore, statement (3) is also incorrect. Biomass materials like coconut shells, groundnut shells, and rice husk can indeed be used in biomass gasification. Hence, statement (1) is correct.

Correct Answer is C.

• Earthworms play a crucial role in worm composting, a process that accelerates the decomposition of organic material. In this method, earthworms help recycle food scraps and other organic waste into a valuable soil enhancer known as vermicompost or worm compost.
• These worms consume organic waste, breaking it down in their digestive system, which leads to the production of nutrient-rich compost. This natural compost is an excellent soil amendment that improves soil fertility, structure, and moisture retention, making it an eco-friendly and effective method for waste management and soil enrichment.

Correct Answer is A.

• A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen. During this process, it generates electricity and produces water and heat as by-products. Hence, statement (1) is correct.
• While stationary fuel cells can be used for various applications, including commercial, industrial, residential purposes, and backup power generation, it is important to note that fuel cells are primarily used in specific sectors like transportation and mobile power. Hence, statement (2) is not correct.
• Fuel cells generate Direct Current (DC) electricity, which is different from Alternating Current (AC). Hence, statement (3) is incorrect.