Set 1 | Important Environment and Sustainable Development MCQs

Correct Answer is A.

• Sustainable development is important for well being of human society. Sustainable development has been defined in many ways.
• The most frequently quoted definition is from our common future, also known as the Brundtland Report : “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs”.

Correct Answer is B.

• Events (Year)
• Publication of ‘The Limit to Growth’ Report (1972)
• Publication of Brundtland Commission Report (August, 1987)
• Enforcement of Montreal Protocol  (January, 1989)
• Rio Earth Summit (June, 1992)

Correct Answer is B.

• After the submission of the report Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report, which was published by World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) in 1987, the discussion on ‘Sustainable Development’ was started.

Correct Answer is D.

• The word environment is derived from the French word ‘Environ’ which means to ‘encircle or surround’. The environment is a very broad concept and involves everything that affects an organism during its lifetime.
• It is the totality of all social, biological, physical, and chemical elements individually as well as collectively that compose nature and human-made surroundings. It refers to the total of conditions which surround man at a given point in space and time.
• The environment is defined as the social, cultural and physical conditions that surround, affect and influence the survival, growth and development of people, animals or plants. As defined in the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, “environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro- organisms and property.

Correct Answer is B.

• Sustainable development and use of paper bags have a positive impact on the environment while air conditioning has a negative impact on the environment as it affects the ozone layer.
• Poverty alleviation has both positive and negative impact on the environment. Alternatively, poverty is indirectly linked to the environment whereas sustainable development, use of paper bags and air conditioning directly affect the environment. So, if we consider the positive impact on the environment from poverty alleviation, option (c) too may be the correct answer.

Correct Answer is B.

• The Environment (Protection) Act of India was enacted in the year 1986. It extends to the whole of India.
• The Act addresses noise, soil, water, and air pollution. It establishes acceptable limits for the amount of different pollutants that can exist in the environment. It makes it illegal to use hazardous materials without first obtaining Central Government approval.
• The purpose of the Environment Protection Act (EPA) is to safeguard and enhance the natural world and its surroundings. Additionally, it puts into practice the decisions reached at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment, which was held in Stockholm. to punish those who cause damage to the environment harshly.

Correct Answer is A.

• The Environment (Protection) Act of India was enacted in the year 1986. It extends to the whole of India.
• The Act addresses noise, soil, water, and air pollution. It establishes acceptable limits for the amount of different pollutants that can exist in the environment. It makes it illegal to use hazardous materials without first obtaining Central Government approval.
• The purpose of the Environment Protection Act (EPA) is to safeguard and enhance the natural world and its surroundings. Additionally, it puts into practice the decisions reached at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment, which was held in Stockholm. to punish those who cause damage to the environment harshly.

Correct Answer is B.

• The Environment (Protection) Act of India was enacted in the year 1986. It extends to the whole of India.
• The Act addresses noise, soil, water, and air pollution. It establishes acceptable limits for the amount of different pollutants that can exist in the environment. It makes it illegal to use hazardous materials without first obtaining Central Government approval.
• The purpose of the Environment Protection Act (EPA) is to safeguard and enhance the natural world and its surroundings. Additionally, it puts into practice the decisions reached at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment, which was held in Stockholm. to punish those who cause damage to the environment harshly.

Correct Answer is B.

• The Environment (Protection) Act of India was enacted in the year 1986. It extends to the whole of India.
• The Act addresses noise, soil, water, and air pollution. It establishes acceptable limits for the amount of different pollutants that can exist in the environment. It makes it illegal to use hazardous materials without first obtaining Central Government approval.
• The purpose of the Environment Protection Act (EPA) is to safeguard and enhance the natural world and its surroundings. Additionally, it puts into practice the decisions reached at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment, which was held in Stockholm. to punish those who cause damage to the environment harshly.

Correct Answer is D.

• The environment may be divided into biotic and abiotic environments.
• The biotic environment is made up of biotic factors, that is all living things in the environment. The abiotic or physical environment is made up of all the physical factors that affect organisms, e.g. temperature, light intensity, the amount of available water etc.