Important Biodiversity MCQs. Biodiversity plays a crucial role within the broader field of environment and ecology. It serves as a foundational concept for achieving success in competitive exams such as Civil Services, State exams, SSC, Railways, Banking, and more. Mastering these subjects offers a unique advantage, allowing you to gain invaluable insights into the country’s environmental legacy. With a focus on Environment, Biodiversity, and Ecology, this knowledge not only sharpens your competitive edge but also equips you to excel in these challenging exams.
MCQs on Ecology – Objective Questions and Answers
Q21. With reference to biodiversity, which of the following regions in India is regarded as ‘HOTSPOT’? (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009)
[A] Andaman and Nicobar Island
[B] Gangetic Plain
[C] Central India
[D] None of the above
View Explanation
Correct Answer is A.
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographical region that is exceptionally rich in species diversity but faces significant threats from habitat destruction, climate change, or species loss.
To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, an area must have high biological diversity, including a large number of endemic species found nowhere else on Earth, and it must be under threat. These hotspots are the Earth’s richest yet most endangered reservoirs of plant and animal life.
India is home to four biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, the Indo-Myanmar border, and Sundaland. The Nicobar Islands are part of the Sundaland biodiversity area, while the Andaman Islands fall under the Indo-Myanmar hotspot
Q22. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity?
[A] Gangetic Plains
[B] Sundarbans
[C] Western Ghats
[D] Eastern Ghats
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
The Western Ghats is one of the world’s recognized biodiversity hotspots, located along the western coast of India. Stretching over 1,600 kilometers from Gujarat to Kerala, this mountain range is known for its rich and unique flora and fauna.
It is home to a vast number of endemic species, including plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, many of which are found nowhere else on Earth.
The Western Ghats also plays a crucial role in regulating the climate and water systems of peninsular India, acting as a vital watershed for several rivers.
However, it faces severe threats due to deforestation, habitat loss, agricultural expansion, and climate change, putting its diverse ecosystems at risk. This region is of global importance for conservation efforts due to its high species richness and vulnerability.
Q23. The most biodiversity rich area in India is– (U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019)
[A] Gangetic plain
[B] Trans Himalayas
[C] Western Ghats
[D] Central India
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
The Western Ghats is one of the world’s recognized biodiversity hotspots, located along the western coast of India. Stretching over 1,600 kilometers from Gujarat to Kerala, this mountain range is known for its rich and unique flora and fauna.
Q24. Which of the following has been identified as a ‘biodiversity hotspot’ in India? (U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2015)
[A] Sundarban
[B] Western Ghats
[C] Manas
[D] Cherapunji
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
India is home to four biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, the Indo-Myanmar border, and Sundaland. The Nicobar Islands are part of the Sundaland biodiversity area, while the Andaman Islands fall under the Indo-Myanmar hotspot.
Q25. Biodiversity hotspots in India are the- (R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013)
(i) Eastern Ghats (ii) Western Ghats
(iii) Eastern Himalayas (iv) Western India Codes :
[A] (i) and (ii)
[B] (ii) and (iii)
[C] (i), (iii) and (iv)
[D] (ii), (iii) and (iv)
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
The Western Ghats is one of the world’s recognized biodiversity hotspots, located along the western coast of India. Stretching over 1,600 kilometers from Gujarat to Kerala, this mountain range is known for its rich and unique flora and fauna.
The Eastern Himalayas is a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot, covering parts of northeastern India, Bhutan, Nepal, and southern Tibet.
This region is known for its incredible species diversity, including a large number of endemic plants, animals, and microorganisms that thrive in its varied climates, from tropical forests in the foothills to alpine meadows at higher elevations.
Q26. The ‘Hotspots’ (in the context of the environment) found in India are – (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012)
[A] Eastern Ghat, Western Ghat
[B] Vindhya Range, Eastern Ghat
[C] Eastern Himalayan Range, Western Ghat
[D] Shivalik Range, Eastern Ghat
View Explanation
Correct Answer is C.
Q27. Which one of the following is not a ‘biodiversity hotspot’ of India? (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016)
[A] Himalayas
[B] Vindhyas
[C] North-East India
[D] Western Ghats
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
Q28. Which of the following regions of India has been designated as biodiversity hot spots?
Select the correct answer from the code given below: (U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2012)
Eastern Himalaya 2. Eastern Ghat
Western Ghat 4. Western Himalaya Codes :
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 1 and 3 only
[C] 2 and 4 only
[D] 3 and 4 only
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
The Western Ghats is one of the world’s recognized biodiversity hotspots, located along the western coast of India. Stretching over 1,600 kilometers from Gujarat to Kerala, this mountain range is known for its rich and unique flora and fauna.
The Eastern Himalayas is a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot, covering parts of northeastern India, Bhutan, Nepal, and southern Tibet.
This region is known for its incredible species diversity, including a large number of endemic plants, animals, and microorganisms that thrive in its varied climates, from tropical forests in the foothills to alpine meadows at higher elevations.
Q29. The tallest known living tree: (40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995)
[A] Eucalyptus
[B] Sequoia
[C] Deodar
[D] Parnang
View Explanation
Correct Answer is B.
The tallest known tree species is the Redwood (Sequoia), native to California, USA. These trees hold the record for the tallest living trees on Earth, with some reaching heights of up to 379 feet (115.5 meters).
Q30. A species is considered to be extinct if it has not been seen in its natural habitat for – (U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005)
[A] 15 years
[B] 25 years
[C] 40 years
[D] 50 years
View Explanation
Correct Answer is D.
According to the definition provided by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), a species is considered extinct if it has not been observed in the wild for the past 50 years.
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